20th+

Wednesday, August 22, 2018

German AA Missiles - An Efficient Alternative to Flak?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B7Q92V5hK-c

German Anti-Air Missiles of World War 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cx_lsh0BJGs

MHV >> playlists

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCK09g6gYGMvU-0x1VCF1hgA/playlists

Atlantikwall ..

The Atlantic Wall (German: Atlantikwall) was an extensive system of coastal defence and fortifications built by Nazi Germany between 1942 and 1944 along the coast of continental Europe and Scandinavia as a defence against an anticipated Allied invasion of Nazi-occupied Europe from Great Britain during World War II.

Hitler ordered the construction of the fortifications in 1942. Almost a million French workers were drafted to build it. The wall was frequently mentioned in Nazi propaganda, where its size and strength were usually exaggerated. The fortifications included colossal coastal guns, batteries, mortars, and artillery, and thousands of German troops were stationed in its defences. When the Allies eventually invaded the Normandy beaches in 1944, most of the defences were stormed within hours. Today, ruins of the wall exist in all of the nations where the wall was built, although many structures have fallen into the ocean or have been demolished over the years.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Wall

Atlantic Wall - Example of a Coastal Defense Position - Atlantikwall - MHV
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BirksQIGyk8

https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=Atlantic+Wall

Defence of the Reich - Reichsverteidigung ..

German defences ..

45-3-23 Werwolf Speech ..

Atlantikwall

Atlantikwall ..
Atlantikwall - Channel Islands ..

Ostwall

Ostwall ..

Westwall

Siegfried Line (1939) - Germany's Western Defences ..

Tuesday, August 21, 2018

Hindenburg/Siegfried Line WW1

The Hindenburg Line - Ludendorff's Defence In Depth - WW1 > .
The Hindenburg Line Breaks - The Lost Battalion Returns - WW1 > .
The Battle of the Selle - Ludendorff Resigns - WW1 > .

1916, the Year of Battles, had strained Germany's resources everywhere but especially on the Western Front they needed to defend their captured territory against an ever growing number of Entente Forces. Erich Ludendorff decided to shorten the front line where possible and built a new "Defence In Depth" line: The Siegfried Line. This defensive network was supposed to grind the Entente forces down while freeing up more German resources.

The German blitzkrieg was pioneered by Ludendorff on the Western Front in 1917 and 1918, where it involved the abandonment of lines and their replacement with ‘blobs’: small groups of specialist troops forming either a firebase (in defence) or an ‘infiltration’ force (in attack). Since then, the effectiveness of offensive tactics had been greatly enhanced by the development of armour, motorised infantry, and air-power. This made possible a qualitative shift from mainly static, defensive warfare to a fluid, fast-moving war of movement.

https://www.military-history.org/books/new-ways-of-war-by-tom-wintringham.htm .

Field Fortifications - Defense in Depth ..

Monday, August 20, 2018

Infrastructure: Polyethylene, radar, and submarine cables

Undersea Communication Cables - Mega > .

24-1-29 [Did E Peng III cut Baltic submarine cable?] - Update > .

24-11-29 [Did Xinese Ship cut cables intentionally?] | ABC > .

24-11-20 Accident or Sabotage? Undersea Cables Cut in Baltic Sea - nwyt > .

24-11-7 Could Russia take out the West's internet? - CaspianReport > .

24-9-6 How the Atlantic Ocean made the modern world - Caspian > .

24-8-5 Hidden US~X Battle for Fiber-Optic Supremacy | WSJ > .

24-6-20 Hazardous Life of an Undersea Cable - Asianometry > .

24-6-6 1.4 million km cables drew a US-Xina undersea tech war - Lei > .

24-2-16 Undersea Cables, Sabotage, Internet, Surveillance - CuDr > . skip > .

24-2-7 Could Houthi Sever Global Underwater Cables off Yemen's Coast? - Sal > .

23-12-20 Undersea fibre-optic cables could be geopolitical frontier | ABC Aus > .

23-12-5 Protecting Allied critical undersea infrastructure - NATO > .

23-9-30 Internet Backbone = Hidden Infrastructure - B1M > .

23-6-30 US & Xina Squabbling over SEA-ME-WE 6 Cable - Half > .

22-10-14 [Cables another target for Pootin's desperate sabotage?] - nwyt > .

22-9-21 How China’s Military Drills Could Choke Off Taiwan’s Internet | WSJ > .

Transatlantic Telegraph Cable: A Tale of Extraordinary Perseverance - Mega > .

Why 17 Million Telegrams Are Still Sent Every Year - Half > .

Communication, Surveillance - PrTe >> .

Infrastructure Vulnerabilities - Compass Rose >> .

Undersea Cables, Pipelines - Naval Gazing >> .

Polyethylene, radar, and submarine cables

"They had heated a mixture of ethylene and benzaldehyde to 170°C (338°F), using apparatus that could submit materials to a pressure of 1,900 atmospheres (1,925 bars). But the reactions were explosive and safety concerns prompted the now defunct ICI, which merged into Dutch-based Akzo Nobel, to halt the research.

In December that year, Williams and colleagues Michael Perrin and John Paton reinvestigated the experiments of Gibson and Fawcett using ethylene alone. Under similar experimental conditions - but with better equipment - they observed a pressure drop, and when the reaction finished there were 8.5g of white PE powder.

Williams, Perrin and Paton had been lucky. The vessel had leaked and, it was later confirmed, a trace of oxygen was present in the fresh ethylene that had been added to the reaction vessel to replace the leaked gas. The fresh ethylene contained, by chance, the right amount of oxygen to act as an initiator.

"For once it didn't explode - usually it did - and we thought something must be wrong. So we left it to cool overnight. And when I looked inside the metal container the next day, I found what looked like a lump of sugar. In fact, that 'sugar' was polythene."

Uses for early PE were limited, as the material was soft and had a low melting point. This was because under the high pressure polymerization process the ethylene molecules did not always add in a regular chain.

A member of ICI's dyestuffs division, Bernard Habgood, recognized that PE could supersede gutta-percha, a natural material, for insulation of submarine cables. This provided the impetus to proceed to commercial scale production. The first full-scale PE plant, with a 100 tonne/year capacity, went into production on September 1, 1939, the day Germany invaded Poland and war became unavoidable for Britain.

ICI's work on PE changed during the Second World War, when the material was used to insulate airborne radar equipment. During the development of radar in the early war years it had proved difficult to insulate the equipment to prevent power loss and thus preserve the strength of the signal. PE's electrical insulation properties enabled the British forces to reduce the weight of radar equipment and allowed them to place radars inside fighter planes. This provided an enormous technical advantage in long-distance warfare, most significantly in the Battle of the Atlantic against German submarines. The Germans were obliged to use a bulkier insulating material for their radar, which was less effective."
http://www.icis.com/resources/news/2008/05/12/9122447/polyethylene-discovered-by-accident-75-years-ago/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylene .
http://www.polymer-search.com/inventionplastic.html .
http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/polypropylene.html .

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/polythenes-story-the-accidental-birth-of-plastic-bags-800602.html .

Iron Dome - Israel's Missile Defence System

How Israel’s Iron Dome Works - WSJ > .

24-4-5 Israel's Lavender System, AI Targeting, Battlefield Informatics - McBeth > .

24-2-8 Israel: High-Tech Military; Intelligence Failure - Caspian > .

24-2-1 Why [despite weakist antisemitism] US Supports and Funds Israel | WSJ > .

23-9-5 Israel's Everlasting [Internal & External] War - gtbt > .

23-6-13 NATO IAMD | NATO Integrated Air and Missile Defence > .

23-6-13 Drones and the Dystopian Future of War - Journeyman > .

22-10-1 America's Missile Defense Problem - Poly > .

22-4-9 Drones, Missiles, Mercenaries in Future of Militaries - CNBC > .

How Israel's Iron Dome Actually Works - BlQu > .

Is Israel's Iron Dome effective? - CoCa > .

Israel's Military Technology | Iron Dome | Gaza Conflict - Moco > .

Is Israel's Iron Dome Defense System the Best in the World? - Maha > .

2021 Difference between Ballistic & Cruise missile - Amit Sengupta > .

21-7-23 Naftali Bennett: Israel's leader wants to annex West Bank - VisPol > .

21-5-27 How Israel defends itself against Palestinian rocket attacks? - VisPol > .

21-5-19 Israel-Hamas Conflict: 3 Reasons Old Dynamics Prevail | WSJ > .

2021 Why Israel and Palestine are fighting [again] - CaRe > .

2020 Geopolitics of Israel - CaRe > .

2021 Israel's economic, diplomatic, military success; problematic Palestinians - VP > .

2021 Ultra Orthodoxy is a problem for Israel - VisPol > .

2021 Will Saudi Arabia Recognise Israel? - KJ R > .

2020 BuyBull prophecy, Evangelicals, Idiot-in-Cheat's Middle East fakery > .

How Israel became a high-tech military power - CaRe > .

Israel’s Iron Dome Defence System Helps Counter Palestine’s Rocket Attacks - crux > .

Complex History Of The Israeli–Palestinian Conflict - AH Nerd > .

Problem with the Palestinian State - VisPol > .

22-1-15 Logic Behind the Patriot Missile System - CoCa > .

> Hezbollah >> > Iran - Allies, Enemies >>

24-7-1 Israel [might] launch ground invasion of Lebanon - Caspian > .

> HIs - History of Israel >>

24-2-9 Malcolm Nance | Israel-Hamas War - Visegrad24 > .

24-3-24 Malcolm Nance: History of Israeli-Hamas Conflict 1 - BMSpy > .

24-4-21 Malcolm Nance: History of Israeli-Hamas Conflict 2 - BMSpy > .

GMD - Ground-Based Midcourse Defense > Air Defense >>

24-4-19 GMD - America's Missile Defense - T&P > .

24-4-19 Over The Horizon Super Radars: Australia (JORN), US, Xina, Ruscia - S&AC > .

US vs Russia - CoCa >> .

Weapon Specs - CoCa >> .

Israel’s Iron Dome missile-defense system is designed to intercept and destroy short-range rockets and mortars. During the recent conflict, it has been used to destroy more than 200 rockets bound for Israeli cities.

The Iron Dome is a ground-to-air, short-range, air defence system that neutralises rockets and missiles. The concept was born after the 2006 Israel-Lebanon War when Israel faced thousands of rockets fired by Hezbollah. Israel's Iron Dome missile defence system took years to develop and was tested in combat for the first time in April 2011. The system is designed to intercept short-range missiles and rockets coming in from Gaza.

21-5-17 More than 2,000 rockets have been fired towards Israel by Hamas and other Palestinian militant groups in five days in the recent clashes. But about 90% of the rockets have been intercepted by its flagship Iron Dome missile defense system. The Iron Dome was specially designed to protect against a range of incoming short-range threats.

1848 Middle East 2020 ..
47-11-29 UN partition plan - Palestine ..

Arab-Israeli Normalization? ..

Dead Sea Sinkholes ↬

Iron Dome - Israel's Missile Defence System ..

Israel - Geopolitics ..
Israel & Palestine ..

Israel's High-Tech-Weaponry Rise ..

Jordan-Israel-Palestine ..
Powers' Perspectives on Israel-Palestine Clash ..
Turkey-Israel Maritime Plot ..