20th+

STOBAR ("Short Take-Off But Arrested Recovery" or "Short Take-Off, Barrier Arrested Recovery") is a system used for the launch and recovery of aircraft from the deck of an aircraft carrier, combining elements of "short take-off and vertical landing" (STOVL) with "catapult-assisted take-off but arrested recovery" (CATOBAR).

Battleship Duke of York to scrap yard
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0GtVEkiZH_E

HMS Indomitable (Illustrious class, 1941-55)
BEF: Flight ops aboard HMS Indomitable, 1944 > .

Armoured carriers: HMS Indomitable hangar footage > .

Indomitable in Somerville's Fleet - early April '40 > .

HMS Illustrious - Guide 048 (Human Voice) - Drach > .

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Indomitable_(92)

12 August 42: Operation Pedestal, rescue of Malta

HMS Argus was a British aircraft carrier that served in the Royal Navy from 1918 to 1944. She was converted from an ocean liner that was under construction when WW1 began and became the first example of the standard pattern of aircraft carrier, with a full-length flight deck that allowed wheeled aircraft to take off and land. After commissioning, the ship was involved for several years in the development of the optimum design for other aircraft carriers. Argus also evaluated various types of arresting gear, general procedures needed to operate a number of aircraft in concert and fleet tactics. The ship was too top-heavy as originally built and had to be modified to improve her stability in the mid-1920s. She spent one brief deployment on the China Station in the late 1920s before being placed in reserve for budgetary reasons.

Argus was recommissioned and partially modernised shortly before WW2 and served as a training ship for deck-landing practice until June 1940. The following month she made the first of her many ferry trips to the Western Mediterranean to fly off fighters to Malta; she was largely occupied in this task for the next two years. The ship also delivered aircraft to Murmansk in Russia, Takoradi on the Gold Coast, and Reykjavík in Iceland. By 1942, the Royal Navy was very short of aircraft carriers and Argus was pressed into front-line service despite her lack of speed and armament. In June '42, she participated in Operation Harpoon, providing air cover for the Malta-bound convoy. In November '42, the ship provided air cover during Operation Torch, the invasion of French North Africa and was slightly damaged by a bomb. After returning to the UK for repairs, Argus was used again for deck-landing practice until late September 1944. In December, she became an accommodation ship and was listed for disposal in mid-1946. Argus was sold in late 1946 and scrapped in 1947.

Battle For Malta - The Malta Convoys 1940 - 1942 - NoHi > .

42-May - Spitfires delivered & destroyed - Malta - WW2 > .
Operation Pedestal: HMS Indomitable bombed > .

Operation Pedestal: Carrier and flying operations > .
Stuka pilot interview 47: Attack on HMS Indomitable August 1942 > .

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Pedestal . http://www.naval-history.net/WW2Memoir-Indomitable-Whiteing1.htm

British Navy In Sydney (1945) > .

BPF: British fleet arrives in Sydney [Australia], 1945 > .

Grumman F6F Hellcat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grumman_F6F_Hellcat
Fairey Barracuda
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0O4mENl9aiA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairey_Barracuda

1950 - 4th Ark Royal
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j8K8hPT9qbQ

Five ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Ark Royal:
Ark Royal (1587), the flagship of the English fleet during the Spanish Armada campaign of 1588
HMS Ark Royal (1914), merchant ship, converted to an aircraft carrier during the First World War
HMS Ark Royal (91), British aircraft carrier launched in 1937 that participated in the Second World War and was sunk by a U-boat in 1941
HMS Ark Royal (R09), an Audacious-class aircraft carrier launched in 1950, decommissioned in 1979
HMS Ark Royal (R07), an Invincible-class aircraft carrier, launched in 1981, decommissioned in 2011

Goodbye To A Great Ship: HMS Duke of York (1958) | British Pathé > .
Why WW2 battleships are obsolete - WATM > .

Kido Butai - How the Japanese Carriers were (initially) so effective > .

Indomitable - SuHo >> .

How to Build a Navy - Planning, Procurement, Production, Logistics -Drac > .
Coastal Defences - Brief History cMHV - Drac> .
History of the Royal Navy - Steam, steel and Dreadnoughts (1806-1918) > .
USN - 20th to WW2 > .

post-war How to Sink USS Oriskany Aircraft Carrier (Engineering Doc) > .

Catapults - Aircraft Carriers ..

CSG - Carrier Strike Group ..

Diesel vs Nuclear ..

Naval Interoperability and Cooperation ..

PLAN's Carrier 003 ..

HMS Troubridge, duty destroyer to HMS Furious

HMS Troubridge was an T-class destroyer of the British Royal Navy that saw service during the Second World War.

In 1943, Troubridge was sent to the Mediterranean, where she performed screening duties for major naval units. Troubridge was one of the units that performed as a screen for the cruisers Aurora, Newfoundland, Orion, Penelope and Euryalus, in conjunction with Mediterranean Fleet destroyers and motor torpedo boats for the surrender of Pantellaria on 10 May 1943. She provided support to offensives on Italian warships, provided anti-aircraft support, and was involved in the Allied effort to land in Sicily, Calabria, and Salerno. Other notable events involving Troubridge was the sinking of the German submarine U-407. U-407 was sunk in the Mediterranean south of Milos, in position 36º27'N, 24º33'E, destroyed by depth charges dropped from the destroyers Troubridge, Terpsichore, and the Polish ORP Garland. U-407's sinking also marked the disbandment of the 29th U-boat Flotilla. In 1944 Troubridge transferred to the Far East and operated under US control. Amongst other engagements, she took part in an attack on Truk. She returned to Portsmouth in 1946.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Troubridge_(R00)la

Thursday, September 27, 2018

Birth of Naval Aviation

Birth of Naval Aviation - HiGu > .

24-9-6 [USN: 11 Carriers = shortage] - nwyt > .

23-7-28 USN: Carriers vs (AAS) LHDs & LHAs - nwyt > . skip > .

110 years ago Glenn Hammond Curtiss, at the time called by the press “the fastest man alive,” ate lunch with the officers of the armored cruiser USS Pennsylvania. It was a more auspicious event than it sounds, because that lunch represented what some describe as “the birth of naval aviation”.

On November 14, 1910, Curtiss demonstration pilot Eugene Ely took off from a temporary platform mounted on the forward deck of the cruiser USS Birmingham. His successful takeoff and ensuing flight to shore marked the beginning of a relationship between Curtiss and the Navy that remained significant for decades. At the end of 1910, Curtiss established a winter encampment at San Diego to teach flying to Army and Naval personnel. Here, he trained Lt. Theodore Ellyson, who became U.S. Naval Aviator #1, and three Army officers, 1st Lt. Paul W. Beck, 2nd Lt. George E. M. Kelly, and 2nd Lt. John C. Walker, Jr., in the first military aviation school. (Chikuhei Nakajima, founder of Nakajima Aircraft Company, was a 1912 graduate.) The original site of this winter encampment is now part of Naval Air Station North Island and is referred to by the Navy as "The Birthplace of Naval Aviation".

Through the course of that winter, Curtiss was able to develop a float (pontoon) design that enabled him to take off and land on water. On January 26, 1911, he flew the first seaplane from the water in the United States. Demonstrations of this advanced design were of great interest to the Navy, but more significant, as far as the Navy was concerned, was Eugene Ely successfully landing his Curtiss pusher (the same aircraft used to take off from the Birmingham) on a makeshift platform mounted on the rear deck of the battleship USS Pennsylvania. This was the first arrester-cable landing on a ship and the precursor of modern-day carrier operations. On January 28, 1911, Ellyson took off in a Curtiss “grass cutter” to become the first Naval aviator.

Curtiss custom built floats and adapted them onto a Model D so it could take off and land on water to prove the concept. On February 24, 1911, Curtiss made his first amphibious demonstration at North Island by taking off and alighting on both land and water. Back in Hammondsport, six months later in July 1911, Curtiss sold the U.S. Navy their first aircraft, the A-1 Triad. The A-1, which was primarily a seaplane, was equipped with retractable wheels, also making it the first amphibious aircraft. Curtiss trained the Navy's first pilots and built their first aircraft. For this, he is considered in the US to be "The Father of Naval Aviation". The Triad was immediately recognized as so obviously useful, it was purchased by the U.S. Navy, Russia, Japan, Germany, and Britain. Curtiss won the Collier Trophy for designing this aircraft.

Around this time, Curtiss met retired British naval officer John Cyril Porte, who was looking for a partner to produce an aircraft with him to win the Daily Mail prize for the first transatlantic crossing. In 1912, Curtiss produced the two-seat Flying Fish, a larger craft that became classified as a flying boat because the hull sat in the water; it featured an innovative notch (known as a "step") in the hull that Porte recommended for breaking clear of the water at takeoff. Curtiss correctly surmised that this configuration was more suited to building a larger long-distance craft that could operate from water, and was also more stable when operating from a choppy surface. With the backing of Rodman Wanamaker, Porte and Curtiss produced the America in 1914, a larger flying boat with two engines, for the transatlantic crossing.

Pages

Friday, September 28, 2018

Aircraft carriers and battleships

Aircraft Carriers, Battleships - length comparison

Arresting Wires - Aircraft Carriers

ASW - sinking U-boat

Thursday, September 27, 2018

Birth of Naval Aviation

sī vīs pācem, parā bellum