listen)), officially the Republic of Haiti (Haitian Creole: Repiblik d Ayiti); French: République d'Haïti) and formerly known as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and south of The Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands. It occupies the western three-eighths of the island which it shares with the Dominican Republic. To its south-west lies the small Navassa Island, which is claimed by Haiti but is disputed as a United States territory under federal administration. Haiti is 27,750 km2 (10,714 sq mi) in size, the third largest country in the Caribbean by area, and has an estimated population of 11.4 million, making it the most populous country in the Caribbean. The capital is Port-au-Prince.
Wednesday, September 28, 2016
Haiti - Poverty, Violence, Assassination
21-9-3 Haiti | The Caribbean's Failed State? - J K-L > .21-5-15 What Made Haiti's Earthquake the Deadliest this Century? - Real > .18-10-9 Toussaint L’Ouverture: the Black Napoleon who Freed Haiti’s Slaves - Bio > .
Haiti is widely understood to be the most fragile country in the Caribbean, if not the Americas as a whole. Indeed, it is often seen as a failed state. And yet, behind the tragic headlines, is a country that is surprisingly old. Indeed, its independence holds a rather special place in the history of state creation. However, its modern history has been shaped by political unrest and huge tragedies.
Haiti ((listen)), officially the Republic of Haiti (Haitian Creole: Repiblik d Ayiti); French: République d'Haïti) and formerly known as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and south of The Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands. It occupies the western three-eighths of the island which it shares with the Dominican Republic. To its south-west lies the small Navassa Island, which is claimed by Haiti but is disputed as a United States territory under federal administration. Haiti is 27,750 km2 (10,714 sq mi) in size, the third largest country in the Caribbean by area, and has an estimated population of 11.4 million, making it the most populous country in the Caribbean. The capital is Port-au-Prince.
listen)), officially the Republic of Haiti (Haitian Creole: Repiblik d Ayiti); French: République d'Haïti) and formerly known as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and south of The Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands. It occupies the western three-eighths of the island which it shares with the Dominican Republic. To its south-west lies the small Navassa Island, which is claimed by Haiti but is disputed as a United States territory under federal administration. Haiti is 27,750 km2 (10,714 sq mi) in size, the third largest country in the Caribbean by area, and has an estimated population of 11.4 million, making it the most populous country in the Caribbean. The capital is Port-au-Prince.
Monday, September 26, 2016
Coups d'État
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24-3-20 Haiti Has Collapsed: What Next? - Waro > .
24-5-25 Why We Cannot [Easily] Stop Dictators - Versed > .
24-1-16 Democracy [vs Disaster] by Margaret Atwood | Democracy 2024 - FT > .
24-3-7 Захват власти силой | Violent Takeover | Odds & Consequences (subs) > .
24-2-14 Coup-Proofing USSR/Ruscist Orcine Military (subs) - Katz > .
23-6-24 What’s Next for Russia as Wagner Forces Head to Moscow | WSJ > .
A coup d'état ((listen); French for 'stroke of state'), also known as a coup or overthrow, is a seizure and removal of a government and its powers. Typically, it is an illegal seizure of power by a political faction, rebel group, military, or a dictator. Many scholars consider a coup successful when the usurpers seize and hold power for at least seven days.
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23-6-23 Armed Revolution in Ruscia. Civil War? Wagner hunts Shoigu - Dude > .
23-6-23 Is Krumblin likely to pull Wagner chief back in line? | DW > .
23-6-23 Russia Issues Arrest Warrant for Wagner Chief Yevgeny Prigozhin | WSJ > .23-6-23 Is Krumblin likely to pull Wagner chief back in line? | DW > .
23-6-23 Prigozhins "March on Moscow" - Vlad > .
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23-6-24 Prigozhin Is Marching Toward Moscow. Or Is He? (subs) - Katz > .23-6-24 [Lukashenko lures Prigozhin] - Rebellion Ends, Wagners Withdraw - Such > .
23-7-1 Wagner Rebellion. [Next for] Prigozhin and His Wagner Fighters? - U24 > .---
23-6-25 Rebellion as a Side Show | Events & Reactions (subs) - Katz > .
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23-6-26 Prigozhin [succeeded,] rebellion failed | AFU crossed Dnieper | Artur > .23-6-26 PMC Wagner's coup d'état - Cold War > .
23-6-27 Ben Hodges - Post-Coup Likely Future for P00ti and the orcs - Silicon > .---
23-6-29 Wagner's mutiny = tip of the iceberg of Ruscia's fractures | Aliona Hlivco > .23-7-13 What's Next For Ruscia After Wagner's Mercenary Revolt - CNBC > .
23-7-16 Prigozhin's Coup - Wagner Mutiny - K&G > .
23-8-14 How P00ti Eliminates His Enemies - OBF > .
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15-1-13 Coups d'État; Frequency - Now > .
Why coups d'état might happen
listen); French for 'stroke of state'), also known as a coup or overthrow, is a seizure and removal of a government and its powers. Typically, it is an illegal seizure of power by a political faction, rebel group, military, or a dictator. Many scholars consider a coup successful when the usurpers seize and hold power for at least seven days.> Africa~ >>
Sociopolitical Conflict
Sunday, September 25, 2016
Thursday, September 22, 2016
Genocidal Intent
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24-12-19 Professor Timothy Snyder: Russia's Clear Genocidal Intent in Ukraine > .Genocide was first recognised as a crime under international law in 1946 by the United Nations General Assembly (A/RES/96-I). It was codified as an independent crime in the 1948 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (the Genocide Convention).
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide:
Article II
In the present Convention, genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such:
Elements of the crime
The Genocide Convention establishes in Article I that the crime of genocide may take place in the context of an armed conflict, international or non-international, but also in the context of a peaceful situation. The latter is less common but still possible. The same article establishes the obligation of the contracting parties to prevent and to punish the crime of genocide.
The popular understanding of what constitutes genocide tends to be broader than the content of the norm under international law. Article II of the Genocide Convention contains a narrow definition of the crime of genocide, which includes two main elements:
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide:
Article II
In the present Convention, genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such:
- Killing members of the group;
- Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group;
- Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part;
- Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group;
- Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.
Elements of the crime
The Genocide Convention establishes in Article I that the crime of genocide may take place in the context of an armed conflict, international or non-international, but also in the context of a peaceful situation. The latter is less common but still possible. The same article establishes the obligation of the contracting parties to prevent and to punish the crime of genocide.
The popular understanding of what constitutes genocide tends to be broader than the content of the norm under international law. Article II of the Genocide Convention contains a narrow definition of the crime of genocide, which includes two main elements:
- A mental element: the "intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such"; and
- A physical element, which includes the following five acts, enumerated exhaustively:
- Killing members of the group
- Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group
- Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part
- Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group
- Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group
Genocidal Intent ..
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sī vīs pācem, parā bellum
igitur quī dēsīderat pācem praeparet bellum therefore, he who desires peace, let him prepare for war sī vīs pācem, parā bellum if you wan...
