> Africa >

> African Economies >> > Africa~ >>

24-3-25 Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso to form a confederation - Caspian > .

24-3-23 Islamist Terrorists, French, Ruscians - Proxy Insurgencies in Africa - Real > .

23-9-26 Why Africa Suffers so Many Coups: Warographics Analysis > .

> Border Issues >>

24-2-10 Borders: Some Countries Are Nearly Impossible to Escape - Map > .

> Djibouti >>

EU's Global Gateway investment scheme

22-9-5 European Union Trust Fund for Africa vs Xina's BRI - IntoEu > . skip > .

22-7-10 Why Europe Is Rushing Into Africa - OBF > .

> IDF~XIR >>

Mali ..

24-3-25 Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso to form a confederation - Caspian > .

23-5-14 French Defence Strategy & Rearmament - strategic autonomy, Hx - Perun > .

21-3-1 Mali - UK Troops - UN's Most Dangerous Operation - Forces > .

20-8-20 Mali: British Military Deployments In African Country? - FoTV > .

Malthusian Challenge 

22-12-28 Too many people? Challenges of demographic change | DW > .

Niger

24-3-25 Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso to form a confederation - Caspian > .

23-9-28 Why Niger's Crisis is Our Crisis Too - EcEx > .

South Africa's Problems ..

24-2-29 The Downward Spiral of South Africa - KaiserBauch > .

23-11-24 Why are South Africans Stealing Traffic Lights? - serpentza > .

23-10-21 Is South Africa on the Brink of Collapse? - Warographics > .

23-10-17 South Africa's Slow, Inevitable March Towards Collapse - Wendover > .

23-6-8 It's Over! South Africa is F*&$d - Failed State - serpentza > .

22-8-11 South Africa: History, Geography, Economy & Culture - Geodiode > .

22-7-31 South Africa - Its History, Geography, and People - GEOfocus > .

21-4-12 Why South Africa is still so segregated - Vox > .

Sudan 

24-4-16 Sudan: the Proxy War the World is Ignoring - Waro > .

> Resource Competition - X >>

> EU GGI - Global Gateway Initiative >>