US Propaganda

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23-9-20 [DIP Propaganda - Seeding, Harvesting, Amplification] - McBeth > .

How the CIA Used Modern Art as a Political Weapon - xplrd > .

22-9-25 Inside the CIA’s top secret museum – BBC > .

22-9-27 Most Unbelievable Things the CIA Has Done - Side > .

2017 History of Fake News and Post-Truth Politics - t&n > .

Here’s How the CIA Assassinates People - JaTr > . skip ad - JaTr > .

CIA's Simple Guide to Overthrowing a Government - Tran > .

22-4-25 Ronan Farrow: How Democracies Spy on their Citizens | A&Co > .

23-2-8 [Propaganda - Effective Emotional Manipulation] - OBF > .

WW1 Propaganda & Millions Slaughtered | Last Voices of WW1 | Timeline > .

Moral, PsyOps 

Morale ..

Societal Manipulation 

24-6-28 [Dialectic Reflexivity: Inducing Self-Fulfilling Outcomes] - New Discourses > .

Governmental Propaganda - Lewis >> .

Third Wave Experiment (1967) - "O" is for Obedience ↬

CIA influence on public opinion: At various times, under its own initiative or in accordance with directives from the President of the United States or the National Security Council staff, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) of the United States has attempted to influence public opinion both domestically in the United States as well as abroad.

Propaganda in the United States is spread by both government and media entities. Propaganda is information, ideas, or rumors deliberately spread widely to influence opinions, usually to preserve the self-interest of a nation. It is used in advertising, radio, newspaper, posters, books, television and other media and may provide either factual or non-factual information to its audiences.

The Committee on Public Information (1917–1919), also known as the CPI or the Creel Committee, was an independent agency of the government of the United States under the Wilson administration created to influence public opinion to support the US in World War I, in particular, the US home front.

In just over 26 months, from April 14, 1917, to June 30, 1919, it used every medium available to create enthusiasm for the war effort and to enlist public support against the foreign and perceived domestic attempts to stop America's participation in the war. It is a notable example of propaganda in the United States.

WW2: Office of War Information, Why We Fight, and American propaganda during WW2 .

During WW2, the United States officially had no propaganda, but the Roosevelt government used means to circumvent this official line. One such propaganda tool was the publicly owned but government-funded Writers' War Board (WWB). The activities of the WWB were so extensive that it has been called the "greatest propaganda machine in history". Why We Fight is a famous series of US government propaganda films made to justify US involvement in World War II. Response to the use of propaganda in the United States was mixed, as attempts by the government to release propaganda during World War I was perceived negatively by the American public. The government did not initially use propaganda but was ultimately persuaded by businesses and media, which saw its use as informational. Cultural and racial stereotypes were used in WW2 propaganda to encourage the perception of the Japanese people and government as a "ruthless and animalistic enemy that needed to be defeated", leading to many Americans seeing all Japanese people in a negative light.

Many people of Japanese ancestry, most of whom were American citizens, were forcibly rounded up and placed in internment camps in the early 1940s.

From 1944 to 1948, prominent US policy makers promoted a domestic propaganda campaign aimed at convincing the U.S. public to agree to a harsh peace for the German people, for example by removing the common view of the German people and the Nazi Party as separate entities. The core of this campaign was the Writers' War Board, which was closely associated with the Roosevelt administration.

Another means was the United States Office of War Information that Roosevelt established in June 1942, whose mandate was to promote understanding of the war policies under the director Elmer Davis. It dealt with posters, press, movies, exhibitions, and produced often slanted material conforming to US wartime purposes.

Other large and influential non-governmental organizations during the war and immediate post-war period were the Society for the Prevention of World War III and the Council on Books in Wartime.

COINTELPRO: Propaganda during the Cold War was at its peak in the 1950s and 1960s in the early years of the Cold War. The United States would make propaganda that criticized and belittled the enemy, the Soviet Union. The American government dispersed propaganda through movies, television, music, literature and art. The United States officials did not call it propaganda, maintaining they were portraying accurate information about Russia and their Communist way of life during the 1950s and 1960s.

Television promoted conservative family values and the supposed greatness of America and capitalistic values of life. One of the TV shows at the time that played a role in spreading propaganda was called The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet. The show portrayed a typical American family and was meant to show the world the superiority of American life. ... American childhood-education propaganda took the form of videos children watched in school; one such video is called How to Spot a Communist.

CIA influence on public opinion .
Fake news websites in the United States .
Media bias in the United States .
Operation Earnest Voice .
Operation Mockingbird .
Propaganda of the Spanish–American War .
Shared values initiative .
White propaganda .

VE-Day - British Newspapers

VE Day as reported by British newspapers: relief, joy and a saucy comic strip:

In 1945, Britons were the world’s most enthusiastic newspaper readers. The habit of buying daily national newspapers extended throughout every social class. About 80% of British families read one of the mass circulation London dailies and two-thirds of middle-class families also bought a serious title such as The Times, Manchester Guardian or The Scotsman.

The BBC is rightly given the lion’s share of credit for bolstering the British wartime effort on the Home Front. But newspapers also served massive audiences of engaged readers and, crucially, they could and did perform roles the BBC could not. Newspapers were better able to hold the wartime government to account on issues that mattered to ordinary Britons. Examples of this include coverage of the overseas evacuation of children, air raid shelter policy and food rationing.

Some also brought a sense of irreverent fun to alleviate the hardship of what the Daily Mirror, most successful of the wartime titles, described on VE Day as “five years eight months and four days of the bloodiest war in history”.

But such candour about the endurance that brought victory was not the element in the Mirror’s editorial mix that did most to attract left-leaning servicemen and made it the most popular daily for Britain’s fighting men and their families.

That was sex appeal delivered with a dose of demotic humour in the form of the cartoon beauty Jane. The cartoon strip had been created in 1932 by the cartoonist Norman Pett as “Jane’s Journal, the Diary of a Bright Young Thing”. Pett had originally used his wife Mary as the model for Jane but as the war advanced the role was taken over by former champion swimmer and model Chrystabel Leighton-Porter.

She became a potent symbol of British cheerfulness and Winston Churchill described her as the country’s “secret weapon”.

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Throughout their reporting on May 8 1945, newspapers reflected public frustration that the official announcement of the end of hostilities in Europe had been postponed. The surrender of all German forces had been agreed at Reims on May 7. But the chief of the German high command, Field-Marshall Keitel, did not sign the formal instrument of unconditional surrender until shortly before midnight on May 8.

https://theconversation.com/ve-day-as-reported-by-british-newspapers-relief-joy-and-a-saucy-comic-strip-137906

Vers l'armée de métier (1934)

.de Gaulle against Maginot line; Vers l'armée de métier; Vichy France > .

22-7-26 France's Hx & Geostrategic Choices in Central Europe - gtbt > .

22-11-7 Charles de Gaulle | Vers l'armée de métier (subs) - Katz > . skip > .

23-5-14 French Defence Strategy & Rearmament - strategic autonomy, Hx - Perun > .

Vers l'armée de métier est un ouvrage de stratégie militaire écrit par Charles de Gaulle, paru en 1934.

Après la Première Guerre mondiale, le pacifisme gagne la société française, et l'idée de la supériorité de l'armée française se répand dans le peuple comme dans les élites de l'armée. Mais cette supériorité est illusoire, et la victoire de 1918 empêche de voir les changements majeurs apportés dans la conduite de la guerre par l'apparition des chars. L'infanterie est toujours au cœur de l'outil militaire français, alors que les chars ne sont pas vus comme une arme autonome.

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vers_l%27arm%C3%A9e_de_m%C3%A9tier .

War Leaders versus Press

23-2-8 [Propaganda - Effective Emotional Manipulation] - OBF > .

Churchill Quotes ⇻

Throughout the war, Churchill took little interest in government propaganda from a strategic point of view, since he believed that Hitler could be beaten only by armed force, not by words. However, he took an intense interest in how the press was depicting the government and him personally, amounting to an obsession.

Churchill would often phone the Ministry Of Information at midnight and demand that copies of the next day’s newspapers be sent over to Downing Street or Chequers for him to read in bed. He would scour each page for reporting that he considered disloyal and complain bitterly to Minister of Information Brendan Bracken – his former Parliamentary Private Secretary – who would then have to smooth things over with editors.

Churchill shared this dislike of the press with other members of his coalition War Cabinet, including Deputy Prime Minister Clement Attlee and Home Secretary Herbert Morrison. On several occasions Churchill and Morrison threatened full blown government regulation and censorship and on one occasion threatened to close down the Daily Mirror completely.

http://thecasualobserver.co.za/churchill-lady-astor-classic-insults-and-witticisms/ .

Weathermen

Cold War Propaganda ... "stop war by killing fellow countrymen" ...

.Student Rioters: Who Were The Weather Underground? | War/Peace - Time > .

Radical student activists Bill Ayers and Bernardine Dohrn who founded the anti-Vietnam war group "The Weathermen" at the University of Michigan in 1969 and who's members carried out two dozen bombings of government building including an attempt to bomb the United States Capitol, the Pentagon, several major banks and police stations through out the US.

The Weather Underground was a radical left wing militant organization first active in 1969, founded on the Ann Arbor campus of the University of Michigan. Originally known as the Weathermen, the group was organized as a faction of Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) national leadership. Officially known as the Weather Underground Organization (WUO) beginning in 1970, the group's express political goal was to create a revolutionary party to overthrow American imperialism.

The FBI described the WUO as a domestic terrorist group, with revolutionary positions characterized by black power and opposition to the Vietnam War. The WUO took part in domestic attacks such as the jailbreak of Timothy Leary in 1970. The "Days of Rage" was the WUO's first riot in October 1969 in Chicago, timed to coincide with the trial of the Chicago Seven. In 1970, the group issued a "Declaration of a State of War" against the United States government under the name "Weather Underground Organization".

In the 1970s, the WUO conducted a bombing campaign targeting government buildings and several banks. Some attacks were preceded by evacuation warnings, along with threats identifying the particular matter that the attack was intended to protest. Three members of the group were killed in an accidental Greenwich Village townhouse explosion, but none were killed in any of the bombings. The WUO communiqué issued in connection with the bombing of the United States Capitol on March 1, 1971 indicated that it was "in protest of the U.S. invasion of Laos". The WUO asserted that its May 19, 1972 bombing of the Pentagon was "in retaliation for the U.S. bombing raid in Hanoi". The WUO announced that its January 29, 1975 bombing of the United States Department of State building was "in response to the escalation in Vietnam".

The WUO began to disintegrate after the United States reached a peace accord in Vietnam in 1973,[8][page needed] and it was defunct by 1977.

The group took its name from Bob Dylan's lyric, "You don't need a weatherman to know which way the wind blows", from the song "Subterranean Homesick Blues" (1965). That Dylan line was also the title of a position paper distributed at an SDS convention in Chicago on June 18, 1969. This founding document called for a "White fighting force" to be allied with the "Black Liberation Movement" and other radical movements to achieve "the destruction of U.S. imperialism and form a classless communist world".