1900-3-7 1st ship-to-shore wireless message ..
1906-3-15: Rolls-Royce Limited, UK ..
Tuesday, May 31, 2016
Friday, May 27, 2016
Saturday, May 21, 2016
1906-3-15: Rolls-Royce Limited, UK
Rolls-Royce Merlin - one of the most important engines of WW2 > .
The Insane Engineering of the Spitfire - Real Engineering > .
Poor Boy Who Invented World's Most Luxurious Car - BusStor > .
Merlin - Engine that won the war > .
Englishman Frederick Henry Royce had established an electrical engineering firm in 1884 but, by the start of the twentieth century, he was facing increasing competition from German and American manufacturers. In response he turned his attention to designing his own motor car, and he completed the first of three two-cylinder Royce 10 prototypes at his Manchester factory in 1904.
Based on a 1901 two-cylinder Decauville, one of the cars was sold to Henry Edmunds who was friends with Charles Rolls of the C.S. Rolls & Co. car dealership in London. Despite specialising in imported French and Belgian vehicles, Rolls was impressed by the Royce 10 and Edmunds subsequently arranged for him to meet Royce at the Midland Hotel. This led to an agreement on 23 December through which Rolls would sell every car Royce manufactured. These ranged from the original 10 hp two-cylinder up to a 30 hp six-cylinder model.
The manufacturer-salesman partnership between the two men proved to be an incredible success and, on 15 March 1906, they formalised their relationship with the establishment of Rolls-Royce Limited. With increased sales thanks to the combination of Royce’s high quality engineering and Rolls’ business expertise, the company soon opened a dedicated factory in Derby in 1908.
It was from this base that Rolls-Royce later established a reputation for the development of aero engines. In the Second World War their V-12 Merlin engine powered the iconic British Supermarine Spitfire and Hawker Hurricane, while modern Rolls-Royce jet engines are fitted to aircraft such as the Airbus A380.
Based on a 1901 two-cylinder Decauville, one of the cars was sold to Henry Edmunds who was friends with Charles Rolls of the C.S. Rolls & Co. car dealership in London. Despite specialising in imported French and Belgian vehicles, Rolls was impressed by the Royce 10 and Edmunds subsequently arranged for him to meet Royce at the Midland Hotel. This led to an agreement on 23 December through which Rolls would sell every car Royce manufactured. These ranged from the original 10 hp two-cylinder up to a 30 hp six-cylinder model.
The manufacturer-salesman partnership between the two men proved to be an incredible success and, on 15 March 1906, they formalised their relationship with the establishment of Rolls-Royce Limited. With increased sales thanks to the combination of Royce’s high quality engineering and Rolls’ business expertise, the company soon opened a dedicated factory in Derby in 1908.
It was from this base that Rolls-Royce later established a reputation for the development of aero engines. In the Second World War their V-12 Merlin engine powered the iconic British Supermarine Spitfire and Hawker Hurricane, while modern Rolls-Royce jet engines are fitted to aircraft such as the Airbus A380.
Friday, May 20, 2016
1907-8-31 Anglo-Russian Entente
Russia had already ended years of tension with France through the Franco-Russian Alliance of 1894. Meanwhile the Entente Cordiale of 1904 saw Britain and France settle a number of longstanding colonial disputes. Consequently the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente on 31 August 1907 completed a series of agreements that loosely tied the three nations together.
The Entente itself consisted of three separate agreements which were bundled together for ratification. The first divided Iran into three zones, two of which were part of the British and Russian spheres of influence respectively while the third – which separated the other two – was neutral. In the second agreement the two nations agreed not to interfere in Tibet’s domestic affairs. The third agreed that Afghanistan was ‘outside Russia’s sphere of influence’ – effectively a recognition of British influence there.
The Anglo-French and Anglo-Russian Ententes did not formally make the signatories allies. Nevertheless the Triple Entente, as the network of agreements between the three powers became known, acted as a counterweight to the existing Triple Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy. These two huge power blocs played a prominent role in the outbreak of the First World War.
Thursday, May 19, 2016
1908-1-24 "Scouting for Boys"
On his return to England, Baden-Powell found that his military field manual Aids to Scouting had found an audience amongst teachers and youth organisations who had begun to use it to train boys in skills such as tracking and observation. Encouraged by his friends, and inspired by Ernest Thompson Seton’s The Birchbark Roll of the Woodcraft Indians, Baden-Powell subsequently decided to write a non-military version of his book specifically for boys.
Before Scouting for Boys was published, Baden-Powell first tested his approach with a diverse group of 21 boys on Brownsea Island in Poole Harbour, Dorset. The week-long camp in the summer on 1907 saw the first trials of what was to become the Patrol System as Baden-Powell and his assistants taught the boys a broad range of skills such as woodcraft, observation, and lifesaving techniques.
Following the success of the Brownsea camp, Scouting for Boys was published in six fortnightly instalments by Baden-Powell’s friend, the newspaper magnate Sir Arthur Pearson. Beginning on 24 January 1908, it proved to be an immediate sensation and, within a matter months, Scout Troops had begun to form throughout Britain and its empire. The six instalments were then combined into a single book that went on sale in May and, with regular revisions, it has become one of the best-selling books of all time.
1908-1-24 "Scouting for Boys" ..
Wednesday, May 18, 2016
Tuesday, May 17, 2016
1919-2-8 Boy Scouts of America
In 1909, while undertaking a trip to Europe ahead of a safari in British East Africa, Boyce stopped in London. Legend says that he got lost on foggy street, and was assisted by an unknown member of the Scout movement that had grown following the publication of the book Scouting for Boys by British Army officer Robert Baden-Powell. The unknown Scout refused a tip, saying he was only doing his duty, and soon afterwards took Boyce to meet with Baden-Powell himself.
In reality the day wasn’t foggy, the scout only helped him cross the road to his hotel, and Boyce didn’t meet with Baden-Powell. Nevertheless he was still so impressed by the encounter that he obtained a copy of Scouting for Boys to read while in Africa, and cancelled his planned round-the-world voyage so that he could return to London after the expedition to learn more about the organization.
On his return to America, Boyce was inspired to organize the Boy Scouts of America. After discussions with Colin H. Livingstone, a railroad executive who would go on to become the first national president of the new organization, Boyce agreed to incorporate it in Washington D.C. The men hoped that this would send a message of the national scope of the BSA. Although the organization’s numbers have fallen in recent years, it still has an estimated 2.2 million members.
1910-2-8 Boy Scouts of America ..
Saturday, May 14, 2016
1913-6-4 Suffragette Emily Davison Killed
.Fatal Protest Of Emily Davison | Secrets Of A Suffragette | Timeline > .
Davison grew up in a middle-class family, and studied at Royal Holloway College, London, and St Hugh's College, Oxford, before taking jobs as a teacher and governess. She joined the WSPU in November 1906 and became an officer of the organisation and a chief steward during marches. She soon became known in the organisation for her daring militant action; her tactics included breaking windows, throwing stones, setting fire to postboxes and, on three occasions, hiding overnight in the Palace of Westminster—including on the night of the 1911 census. Her funeral on 14 June 1913 was organised by the WSPU. A procession of 5,000 suffragettes and their supporters accompanied her coffin and 50,000 people lined the route through London; her coffin was then taken by train to the family plot in Morpeth, Northumberland.
Davison was a staunch feminist and passionate Christian, and considered that socialism was a moral and political force for good. Much of her life has been interpreted through the manner of her death. She gave no prior explanation for what she planned to do at the Derby and the uncertainty of her motives and intentions has affected how she has been judged by history. Several theories have been put forward, including accident, suicide, or an attempt to pin a suffragette banner to the king's horse.
Wednesday, May 11, 2016
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sī vīs pācem, parā bellum
igitur quī dēsīderat pācem praeparet bellum therefore, he who desires peace, let him prepare for war sī vīs pācem, parā bellum if you wan...
