Sunday, March 8, 2015

UAE - United Arab Emirates

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22-3-26 Why Russia’s War Drove Up US Gas Prices - CNBC > .

Heritability of IQ →  

The United Arab Emirates (UAE), sometimes simply called the Emirates, is a country in Western Asia located at the eastern end of the Arabian Peninsula. It borders Oman and Saudi Arabia, and has maritime borders in the Persian Gulf with Qatar and Iran.

One of the Persian Gulf States, the United Arab Emirates is a desert country in the southeast of the Arabian Peninsula with a coastline on the Persian Gulf (Arab Gulf) and the Gulf of Oman. The UAE has maritime borders with Iran. There is a disputed region in the west of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi; therefore it is unclear if the UAE actually has a border with Qatar.

The coastal region of today UAE was known for a long time as the Pirate Coast. The seafaring inhabitants made a living by pirating trade vessels in the area. The loose federation of sheikdoms came under British administration in the mid 19th century, then known as the Trucial States until 1971, with the independence from the UK.

The UAE came into existence in December 1971 when six emirates formed a federation: Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al-Quwain, and Fujairah; Ras Al Khaimah joined the alliance in 1972.

With an area of 83,600 km², the United Arab Emirates is about the size of Austria, or slightly smaller than the US State of Maine. The country consists mostly of barren landscape with gravel plains and desert dunes, interspersed with some oases (the best known is Liwa Oasis, north of the Rub' al Khali, the Empty Quarter, the largest sand desert in the world). Along the coast stretches a strip of marshes (sabkha;) low-lying saline flats, lagoons, intertidal mudflats, and mangrove swamps. There is a mountainous region in the northeast; Jabal Yibir (1,527 m) the countries highest point is situated there.

The UAE is an elective monarchy formed from a federation of seven emirates, consisting of Abu Dhabi (which serves as the capital), Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras Al Khaimah, Sharjah and Umm Al Quwain. Each emirate is governed by a Sheikh and, together, they form the Federal Supreme Council; one of them serves as President of the United Arab Emirates. In 2013, the UAE's population was 9.2 million, of which 1.4 million were Emirati citizens and 7.8 million were expatriates; the estimated population in 2020 was 9.89 million.

The United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven emirates, their capitals have the same name as the emirate:
(1) Abu Dhabi
(2) Ajman: 1 exclave
(3) Dubai: 1 exclave
(4) Fujairah: 2 exclaves
(5) Ras al-Khaimah: 1 exclave
(6) Sharjah: 3 exclaves
(7) Umm al-Quwain

Areas under joint control:
(8) Fujairah and Sharjah
(9) Oman and Ajman

Disputed Areas:
The islands of Lesser Tunb, Greater Tunb, and Abu Musa are under Iranian administration but claimed by UAE.

Islam is the official religion and Arabic is the official language. The UAE's oil and natural gas reserves are the sixth- and seventh-largest in the world, respectively. Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, ruler of Abu Dhabi and the country's first president, oversaw the development of the Emirates by investing oil revenues into healthcare, education, and infrastructure. The UAE's economy is the most diversified of all the members of the Gulf Cooperation Council, while its most populous city, Dubai, is a global city and international hub. The country has become less reliant on oil and gas, and is economically focusing on tourism and business. The UAE government does not levy income tax, although there is a corporate tax in place and a 5% value-added tax was established in 2018.

The UAE is recognised as a regional and a middle power. The UAE is a member of the United Nations, the Arab League, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, OPEC, the Non-Aligned Movement, and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC).



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