Sunday, July 26, 2020

Chamberlain War Ministry

Appeasement has failed, Chamberlain faces reality > .     
Britain Stops Trying to Appease Hitler; Turns to Churchill > .
Churchill - tb >> .

"The fateful hour has struck, Britain and Germany are at war. Members gather at the House to hear the Premier's speech.
Crowd see Count Raczynski arrive at Downing Street for talks. Mr Greenwood, Sir John Simon, Hore-Belisha arrive. Dr Kordt goes into the embassy at 21, Bryanston Square. Big Ben stands at 11am when Sir John Anderson and his wife [sic - see comments] arrived followed by Sir John Simon, Kingsley Wood and Sir Samuel Hoare. Eden arrives by car. Crowds cheer the Prime Minister. Houses of Parliament. Posters announce War as the ministers leave the house carrying gas masks, they are Sir John Anderson and Sir Kingsley Wood. Mr Chamberlain arrives back at Downing Street. Winston Churchill and Clementine Churchill also seen." 
.....

On 3 September 1939, Neville Chamberlain announced his War Cabinet.
Dominated largely by Conservative ministers who served under Chamberlain's National Government between 1937 and 1939, the additions of Lord Hankey (a former Cabinet Secretary from the First World War) and Winston Churchill (strong anti-appeaser) seemed to give the Cabinet more balance. Unlike Lloyd George's War Cabinet, the members of this one were also heads of Government Departments.

In January 1940, after disagreements with the Chiefs of Staff, Hore-Belisha resigned from the National Government, refusing a move to the post of President of the Board of Trade. He was succeeded by Oliver Stanley.

It was originally the practice for the Chiefs of Staff to attend all military discussions of the Chamberlain War Cabinet. Churchill became uneasy with this, as he felt that when they attended they did not confine their comments to purely military issues. To overcome this, a Military Co-ordination Committee was set up, consisting of the three Service ministers normally chaired by Lord Chatfield. This together with the Service chiefs would co-ordinate the strategic ideas of 'top hats' and 'brass' and agree strategic proposals to put forward to the War Cabinet. Unfortunately, except when chaired by the Prime Minister, the Military Co-ordinating Committee lacked sufficient authority to override a Minister "fighting his corner". When Churchill took over from Chatfield, whilst continuing to represent the Admiralty, this introduced additional problems, and did little to improve the pre-existing ones. Chamberlain announced a further change in arrangements in the Norway debate, but this (and the Military Co-ordination Committee) was overtaken by events, the Churchill War Cabinet being run on rather different principles.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_cabinet#Chamberlain_war_ministry .
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamberlain_war_ministry .
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Government_(1937%E2%80%931939) .

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sī vīs pācem, parā bellum

igitur quī dēsīderat pācem praeparet bellum    therefore, he who desires peace, let him prepare for war sī vīs pācem, parā bellum if you wan...