Lithium - Essential Greener Resource

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Demand for lithium is expected to outpace global supply as consumers switch to battery-powered vehicles. With China currently leading in processing of the vital raw material, the U.S. government is looking to boost domestic production.

Climate change: Will UK mining drive a green revolution?: The rapid growth of renewable energy and electric vehicles means the demand for the minerals they rely on is set to soar. By 2030, the world could need half as much tin again, and for lithium the increase is a massive 500% by 2050 according to the World Bank. With battery production set to start in the UK, could the answer to their supply lie in the rocks of Cornwall? The abandoned tin mine may open again. With the growth of renewable energy and electric vehicles, demand for some minerals is soaring because next-generation solar panels use tin perovskite.

Lithium was discovered in Cornwall about 150 years ago. Lithium is the main component of the batteries that electric cars use. And with the UK's ban on the sale of new diesel and petrol cars that comes into force in 2030, we will need more and more of it. Currently, lithium is either mined directly from rocks in Australia or taken from salt lakes in South America.

Cornish Lithium thinks it could eventually supply about a third of the UK's future lithium needs. A small borehole has been drilled about a kilometre beneath the ground to access geothermal waters circulating naturally within fractures in the rock. The lithium from the rocks seeps into this underground water, and the brine is pumped back up to the surface.

The company is testing different technologies to extract the metal. The idea is to draw out the lithium and then, once it’s removed, inject the water back underground so the process can be repeated. The energy used to power this process will be from a renewable source - the natural heat from the deep rocks can be converted into electricity, making the process carbon-neutral.

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