> EcWarfare >>
Tuesday, September 19, 2023
War Economies
> EcWarfare >>
Tuesday, July 27, 2021
B3W - Build Back Better World
22-7-31 How PGII & IPEF could checkmate BRI - CaspianReport > .
Led by the United States, the G7 countries will work to address the $40 trillion worth of infrastructure needed by developing countries by 2035. The initiative aims to catalyze funding for quality infrastructure from the private sector and will encourage private-sector investments that support "climate, health and health security, digital technology, and gender equity and equality". The initiative builds on the Blue Dot Network, a collaboration that aims to build a global network through lending-based financing to build roads, bridges, airports, ports, power plants.
Krach announced the Blue Dot Network's global trust standards, which are based on "respect for transparency and accountability, sovereignty of property and resources, local labor and human rights, rule of law, the environment, and sound government practices in procurement and financing." Under Secretary Krach committed $2 million (USD) of U.S. State Department seed money for the steering committee and issued an invitation to other G7 members to join. On October 19, 2020, on behalf of the twelve Three Seas nations, President Kersti Kaljulaid endorsed the Blue Dot Network and the Three Seas Summit in Tallinn, Estonia.
BBB was first officially described in the United Nations' Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction document, which was agreed on at the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction held on March 14–18, 2015, in Sendai, Japan. It was adopted by UN member states as one of four priorities in the Sendai Framework for disaster recovery, risk reduction and sustainable development. The UN General Assembly adopted this document on June 3, 2015.
The plan is divided into three parts: the American Rescue Plan, a COVID-19 relief package, which passed in March 2021; the American Jobs Plan, a proposal to rebuild America’s infrastructure and create jobs; and the American Families Plan, a proposal to invest in areas related to childcare and education. As of October 27, 2021, the American Rescue Plan is the only plan that has been signed into law, though proposals featured in the American Jobs Plan have been passed in the Senate through the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act. Proposals featured in the American Families Plan are currently under negotiations through the Build Back Better Act.
- "Build a Modern Infrastructure": The United States has consistently underinvest in the development of workers and millions of positions in rising industries, such as construction and healthcare, have not been fulfilled. President Biden's Build Back Better Plan would invest in training initiatives to help the millions of American workers to create high-quality employment in expanding fields through high-quality career and technical education paths and registered apprenticeships.
- "Position the U.S. Auto Industry to Win the 21st Century with technology invented in America"
- "Achieve a Carbon Pollution-Free Power Sector by 2035"
- "Make Dramatic Investments in Energy Efficiency in Buildings, including Completing 4 Million Retrofits and Building 1.5 Million New Affordable Homes": Schools were faced with an estimated shortage of 100,000 teachers before the pandemic, which undermined the education of children. President Biden's Build Back Better Plan will address the lack of teachers and enhance the education of teachers, including providing teacher residencies and by developing programs that provide greater results and generate more POC teachers. During the course of the school year, it would extend free school food to another 9.3 million students and assist families buy food in the summer. The plan includes investing in modernizing school infrastructure to ensure school buildings are up to date, energy efficient, robust, and have technology and laboratory equipment to educate children for the future.
- "Pursue a Historic Investment in Clean Energy Innovation"
- "Advance Sustainable Agriculture and Conservation"
- "Secure Environmental Justice and Equitable Economy Opportunity"
Sunday, July 25, 2021
Debt-Trap Diplomacy
>> Asia >>>
>> BRI >>>
>> Ċold Ŵar 2 >>>
>> Conflict ⇔ China >>>
>> China >>>
>> Chokepoints >>>
>> Economics >>>
>> EW - Economic Warfare >>>
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a multi-billion-dollar expansion project of China, to expand its power through lending to countries to spur their economic growth. The BRI project was launched in 2013 by Chinese leader Xi Jinping to improve the infrastructure of countries in Europe, Africa, and Asia in exchange for global trade opportunities and economic advantage.
"Belt" is short for the "Silk Road Economic Belt," referring to the proposed overland routes for road and rail transportation through landlocked Central Asia along the famed historical trade routes of the Western Regions; whereas "road" is short for the "21st Century Maritime Silk Road", referring to the Indo-Pacific sea routes through Southeast Asia to South Asia, the Middle East and Africa. Examples of Belt and Road Initiative infrastructure investments include ports, skyscrapers, railroads, roads, airports, dams, and railroad tunnels.
The initiative was incorporated into the Constitution of China in 2017. The Chinese government calls the initiative "a bid to enhance regional connectivity and embrace a brighter future." The project has a target completion date of 2049, which will coincide with the centennial anniversary of the People's Republic of China (PRC)'s founding. Some observers and skeptics, mainly from non-participant countries, including the United States, interpret it as a plan for a sinocentric international trade network. In response the United States, Japan and Australia had formed a counter initiative, the Blue Dot Network in 2019. Australia announced on 21 April 2021 via Foreign Minister Marise Payne that Australia would be pulling out of the "Belt and Road" initiative completely.
It was formally announced on 4 November 2019 at the Indo-Pacific Business Forum in Bangkok, Thailand on the sidelines of the 35th ASEAN Summit. It is led by the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation, Japan Bank for International Cooperation, and Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Australia.
The Blue Dot Network is expected to serve as a global evaluation and certification system for roads, ports and bridges with a focus on the Indo-Pacific region. It has been considered as a counter-initiative to China's Belt and Road Initiative.
Proponents of ‘debt-trap diplomacy’ theory have claimed that China's geostrategic interests are served when its partners struggle with debt. The resulting economic crises supposedly would allow Beijing to exploit and seize assets and helps its political influence. But according to a TRT article, the evidence so far contradicts the theory. Far from expanding China's global power, case studies have instead shown that heavily indebted recipients of Chinese loans were a large liability for China. An example would be Pakistan. China has had to slow down its flagship CPEC initiative and provide emergency financing to fend off an economic catastrophe. Pakistan was later forced to approach the IMF for another bailout, which exposed China's loans and investments to global scrutiny and increasing Washington's leverage over Pakistan (given that the US is a majority shareholder in the IMF). This was no political gain for Beijing when Pakistan had struggled to pay back loans.
Sri Lanka is experiencing a severe debt and foreign exchange crisis, which has been made worse by the loss of tourist income during the coronavirus pandemic. A member of the country's tea board said it was the first time tea had been bartered to settle foreign debt.
Friday, July 31, 2020
●● Military Government
Orcine Infighting ..
Orcine Atrocities 2023 ..
US ⇔ Xina 2023
- MAP - Minister of Aircraft Production ..
- MEW - Ministry of Economic Warfare ..
- MHS - Ministry of Home Security ..
- MoS - Ministry of Supply ..
Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei ..
Morale ..
sī vīs pācem, parā bellum
igitur quī dēsīderat pācem praeparet bellum therefore, he who desires peace, let him prepare for war sī vīs pācem, parā bellum if you wan...
-
>> playlists >> » >> pages □□ »□ ⧫⧫ section indexes ⧫⧫ ⧫⧫ & ⧫ alphabetic index ⧫⧫ & ⧫ ● Geographic Entities ...
-
>>> Economic > >>> Geopolitics > >>> Military > >>> Resources > > >> Sociopoli...
-
> > Alliances > > > > Authoritarianism > > > > Ċold Ŵar 2 Geopolitics > > > > Conflict, War...